Digital Photography
In 1981, Sony unveiled the
first consumer camera to use a charge-coupled device for
imaging, eliminating the need for film: the Sony
Mavica. While the Mavica saved images to disk, the images were displayed on
television, and the camera was not fully digital. In 1991, Kodak unveiled the DCS
100, the first commercially available digital single lens reflex camera.
Although its high cost precluded uses other than photojournalism and
professional photography, commercial digital photography was born.
Digital imaging uses an
electronic image sensor to record
the image as a set of electronic data rather than as chemical changes on film. An
important difference between digital and chemical photography is that chemical
photography resists photo manipulation because it
involves film and photographic paper, while
digital imaging is a highly manipulative medium. This difference allows for a
degree of image post-processing that is comparatively difficult in film-based
photography and permits different communicative potentials and applications.
Digital photography dominates
the 21st century. More than 99% of photographs taken around the world are
through digital cameras, increasingly through smartphones.
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